Navigating Co-Occurring Autism and ADHD: Challenges, Diagnosis & Support
It’s estimated that up to 50% of autistic individuals also meet the criteria for ADHD. Yet, for years, many were told they could only have one or the other. Today, research and clinical understanding have moved on — and dual diagnosis is not just possible, it’s common.
For many, discovering that both autism and ADHD coexist brings clarity. It helps explain why traditional strategies, designed for just one condition, may never have worked.
Understanding the Overlap
While autism and ADHD share overlapping traits, they stem from different neurological pathways. Autism typically affects social communication, sensory processing, and flexibility, while ADHD impacts attention, impulse control, and regulation.
“It’s like having a brain that runs on two different operating systems,” explains Sarah Phelan, CEO of Autism Services Group (ASG). “Each system is powerful, but together, they sometimes crash.”
The overlap can make diagnosis tricky. Hyperactivity may mask autistic withdrawal, and rigid focus can hide impulsivity. That’s why it’s crucial to see specialists trained to identify both — using evidence-based tools like ADOS-2 for autism and DIVA-5 for ADHD. (ADOS-2) (DIVA-5)
🔗 Learn about ASG’s Dual-Competency Training Programmes
Why Dual Diagnosis Matters
Recognising both conditions allows for targeted support. Without it, people often feel misunderstood — given ADHD treatment plans that ignore sensory sensitivities, or autism interventions that don’t address focus and impulsivity.
“Dual diagnosis doesn’t change who you are,” Sarah notes. “It changes how you’re supported. It helps you stop fighting your brain and start working with it.”
Practical Strategies for Daily Life
Structure with flexibility – ADHD thrives on variety; autism needs predictability. Try structured spontaneity — planned variety within routine.
Sensory regulation – use headphones, fidget tools, or low-light spaces.
Break tasks down – smaller steps reduce overwhelm.
Use external supports – apps, reminders, or body-doubling.
Seek multi-disciplinary care – involving therapists, occupational therapists, and psychiatrists.
Conclusion
Living with both autism and ADHD can feel like being constantly “on” — alert, overstimulated, and misunderstood. But with the right diagnosis and support, it can also mean harnessing the best of both worlds: the creativity and energy of ADHD, combined with the focus and depth of autism.
“When people understand their dual profile,” Sarah adds, “they stop asking, ‘What’s wrong with me?’ and start saying, ‘Here’s what works for me.’ That’s when progress begins.”
